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GS431B/TL431A/TL431
Preliminary
Vishay
formerly General Semiconductor
Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulators
SO-8
8 7 6 5 1 2 3 4 1 2 1 2 3
SOT-23
3
SOT-89
TO-92
S Suffix
U Suffix
X Suffix
1
LP Suffix
2 3
Features
* Programmable Output Voltage to 30V * Precision GS431B: TL431A: TL431: Reference Voltage 2.495V 0.5% 2.495V 1.0% 2.495V 1.6%
Description
The GS431B/TL431A/TL431 are 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulators with guaranteed temperature stability over the applicable extended commercial temperature range. The output voltage may be set at any level greater than 2.495V (VREF) up to 30V merely by selecting two external resistors that act as a voltage divider network. These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.08. Active output circuitry provides very sharp turn-on characteristics, making these devices excellent improved replacements for zener diodes in many applications. The precise 0.5% reference voltage tolerance of the GS431B makes it possible in many applications to avoid the use of a variable resistor, consequently saving cost and eliminating drift and reliability problems associated with it.
* Sink Current Capability: 200mA. * Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation: 250A * Equivalent Full-Range Temperature Coefficient: 50 ppm/C * Fast Turn-On Response * Low Dynamic Output Impedance: 0.08 * Low Output Noise
Symbol
CATHODE (C)
Applications
* Voltage Monitor * Delay Timer * Constant-Current Source/Sink * High-Current Shunt Regulator * Crow Bar * Over-Voltage/Under-Voltage Protection
REF (R)
ANODE (A)
Mechanical Data
Case: SO-8, SOT-23, SOT-89, TO-92 High temperature soldering guaranteed: 260C/10 seconds at terminals
Block Diagram
REF (R)
+ 2.495V
CATHODE (C)
Case outlines are on the back pages
ANODE (A)
Document Number 74806 1-Jul-02
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GS431B/TL431A/TL431
Vishay
formerly General Semiconductor
Ordering Information
Cathode 1
Top View 8 Ref 7 Anode 6 Anode 5 NC
SO-8
GS431BIxx
Package SO-8: TO-92: SOT-89: SOT-23: code S LP X U-1/U-2 U-1: Pin 1, Cathode Pin 2, Vref Pin 3, Anode U-2: Pin 1, Vref Pin 2, Cathode Pin 3, Anode
Anode 2 Anode 3 NC 4
SOT-23 (U-1)
Top View 1. Cathode 2. Vref 3. Anode 1
3
2 3
SOT-23 (U-2)
TL431xIxx
Tolerance Default: 1.6% A: 1.0%
Top View 1. Vref 2. Cathode 3. Anode 1 Top View 1. Vref 2. Anode (tab) 3. Cathode 1 Top View 1. Vref 2. Anode 3. Cathode 2
2
Package SO-8: TO-92: SOT-89: SOT-23:
code S LP X U-1/U-2
SOT-89
3
1 2 3
Marking Information
SOT-23 GS431B, TL431A, TL431, GS431B, TL431A, TL431, (U-1) (U-1) (U-1) (U-2) (U-2) (U-2) DAxxxx* DBxxxx DCxxxx DDxxxx DExxxx DGxxxx
* Last two digits denote datecode
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TO-92
Document Number 74806 1-Jul-02
GS431B/TL431A/TL431
Vishay
formerly General Semiconductor
Absolute Maximum Ratings TA = 25C unless otherwise noted.
Parameter Cathode voltage Continuous cathode current Reference Input Current Range Operating Temperature Range Junction Temperature Lead Temperature Storage Temperature Thermal Resistance TO-92 Package SOT-23 Package SO-8 Package SOT-89 Package Symbol VZ IZ IREF Toper TJ TL Tstg Value 30 -10 to 250 -0.05 to10 -40 to 85 150 260 -65 to 150 115 310 163 120 Unit V mA mA C C C C
RJA
C/W
Electrical Characteristics TA = 25C unless otherwise noted.
Parameter Symbol Test Conditions VZ = VREF IL = 10mA (Fig. 1) TA = 25C VZ = VREF IL = 10mA (Fig. 1) TA = -40C to +85C Deviation of reference Input voltage over temperature (1) Ratio of the change in reference voltage to the change in cathode voltage Reference input current Deviation of reference input current over temperature Minimum cathode current for regulation Off-state current Dynamic output impedance (2) VREF VREF VZ IREF GS431B TL431A TL431 GS431B TL431A TL431 Min 2.482 2.470 2.455 2.475 2.445 2.43 - - - - - - - Typ 2.495 2.495 2.495 - - - 9.0 15.0 0.5 0.35 0.8 - 0.3 Max 2.508 2.520 2.535 2.520 2.545 2.56 20 50 2.0 1.5 3.5 4.5 1.2 mV V Unit
Reference Voltage
VREF
TA = 0C to 70C VZ = VREF IL = 10mA TA = -40C to +85C (Fig. 1) IZ = 10mA
(Fig. 2)
VZ = VREF ~ 10V VZ = 10V ~ 30V
mV/V A
TA = 25C R1 = 10K, R2 = IL = 10mA (Fig. 2) TA = -40C to +85C R1 = 10K, R2 = IL = 10mA TA = -40C to +85C (Fig. 2) VZ = VREF
(Fig. 1) (Fig 3)
IREF
A
IZ(MIN) IZ(OFF) RZ
- - -
0.25 0.1 0.08
0.5 1.0 0.3
mA A
VZ = 30V, VREF = 0V
VZ = VREF, f = 1.0KHZ IZ = 1.0mA to 50mA
Document Number 74806 1-Jul-02
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GS431B/TL431A/TL431
Vishay
formerly General Semiconductor
IN
IN IL
R1
IL VZ
IN
VZ IREF IZ VREF
R2
IREF IZ VREF
IZ(OFF) VZ
Note: VZ=VREF(1+R1/R2)+IREFxR1
f
ff
C
Fig. 1 Test Circuit for VZ=VREF
Fig. 2 Test Circuit for VZ>VREF
Fig. 3 Test Circuit for off-state current
Note 1. Deviation of reference input voltage, VREF, is defined as the maximum variation of the reference input voltage over the full temperature range.
Where: T2 - T1 = full temperature change. The slope can be positive or negative depending on whether VMAX or VMIN occurs at the lower ambient temperature.
VMAX
VDEV = VMAX -VMIN VMIN
Example: VREF = 9.0mV, VREF = 2495mV, T2 - T1 = 70C, slope is positive.
VREF =
T1 TEMPERATURE T2
9.0mV 106 2495mV 70C
= 50ppm/C
The average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, VREF is defined as:
VMAX - VMIN VDEV 106 106 VREF(at 25C) VREF(at 25C) = T2 - T1 T2 -T1
Note 2. The dynamic output impedance, RZ , is defined as: VZ
RZ =
IZ
VREF
ppm = C
When the device is programmed with two external resistors, R1 and R2, (see Fig. 2), the dynamic output impedance of the overall circuit, is defined as:
rz =
Vz Rz Iz
1+
R1 R2
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Document Number 74806 1-Jul-02
GS431B/TL431A/TL431
Vishay
formerly General Semiconductor
Typical Performance Characteristics
Fig. 4 - Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage
1000 800 VZ = VREF TA = 25C IZ(MIN) 2.58 2.56 TL431 VZ = VREF IZ = 10mA
Fig. 5 - Reference Voltage vs. Temperature
Reference Voltage (V)
Cathode Current (A)
600 400 200 0 -200 -400 -800 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
2.54 2.52 2.50 2.48 2.46 2.44 2.42
VREF max
VREF typ
VREF min
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
2.40 -40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Cathode Voltage (V)
Temperature (C)
Fig. 6 - Reference Input Current vs. Temperature
1.20 1.15 R1=10K R2= IZ=10mA 0.28 0.24
Fig. 7 - Dynamic Impedance vs. Temperature
Reference Input Current (A)
Dynamic Impedance ()
1.10 1.05 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.70 -40 -20 0 20 40 60
0.20 0.16 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.00 --40
VZ = VREF IZ = 1mA to 100mA F 1KHZ
80
100
120
--20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Fig. 8 - Change in Reference Voltage vs. Cathode Voltage
0 2.5
Fig. 9 - Off-State Cathode Current vs. Temperature
Off-State Cathode Current (A)
Change In Reference Voltage (mV)
--2 IZ=10mA TA=25C
2.0 VZ=VREF VZ=30V 1.5
--4
--6 --8 --10
1.0
0.5
--12 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
0.0 --40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Cathode Voltage (V) Document Number 74806 1-Jul-02
Temperature (C) www.vishay.com 5
GS431B/TL431A/TL431
Vishay
formerly General Semiconductor
Fig. 10 - Small Signal Voltage Amplification vs. Frequency
80
Fig. 11 - Test Circuit Frequency Response
Output R1 10K 431 R 250
Small-Signal Voltage Amplification
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -- 10 10 100 1k 10k
IZ=10mA TA=25C
47F
AV
+ VIN
CIN
V1
100k
1M
10M
Frequency (Hz)
Fig. 12 - Pulse Response
6 4 2 0 Input
Fig. 13 - Test Circuit For Pulse
RB 220 Output
(V)
3 2 1 0 Output
Pulse Generator f=100kHz
RA 50
431
1S/div
Fig. 14 - Dynamic Impedance vs.
10 IZ=10mA TA=25C
Fig. 15 - Test Circuit for Dynamic
R1 Output
Dynamic Impedance ()
50
431 1
+
AC
R2 50 1V
GND 0.1
1K
10K
100K
1M
Frequency (Hz)
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Document Number 74806 1-Jul-02
GS431B/TL431A/TL431
Vishay
formerly General Semiconductor
Application Examples
Fig. 16 - Typical Application Circuit Fig. 17 - Delay Timer
VIN
VIN + 431
R1
VOUT
R
+
ON
+ C
R2
OFF
VOUT = (1+R1/R2) x VREF
Precision Regulator
Delay=R x C x n (
VIN ) VIN VREF
Fig. 18 - Voltage Monitor
VIN R1B R1A
Fig. 19 - Constant-Current Sink
VIN IOUT
R2A R2B
R1
LED on when Low LimitIOUT=VREF / R1
Fig. 20 - Current Limiter or Current Source
R1 V IN
IOUT
IOUT=VREF / R1
Document Number 74806 1-Jul-02
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GS431B/TL431A/TL431
Vishay
formerly General Semiconductor
Application Examples
(continued)
Fig. 21 - High-Current Shunt Regulator Fig. 22 - Crow Bar
FUSE R1
VIN R1
VOUT
VIN
VOUT
R2
R2
VOUT = (1+R1/R2) x VREF
VLIMIT = (1+R1/R2) x VREF
Fig. 23 - Over-Voltage / Under-Voltage Protection Circuit
VIN R1A R1B Output ON when Low Limit +
R2A
R2B
VBE
Low Limit VREF (1+R1B/R2B) + VBE High Limit VREF (1+R1A/R2A)
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Document Number 74806 1-Jul-02
GS431B/TL431A/TL431
Vishay
formerly General Semiconductor
SO-8 Case Outline
5.00 4.80
8
7
6
5 4.00 3.80 6.20 5.80
Dimensions in millimeters
1
2
3
4
1.27 (typ.)
0.51 0.33 1.75 1.35 0.25 0.10 1.27 0.40
0.25 0.19
SOT-23 Case Outline
3.10 2.70
Top View
3.00 2.60
3
1.80 1.40
1
1.90 (TYP.)
2
Dimensions in millimeters
1.30 1.00
0.90 0.70 0.50 0.35
0.25 0.10 1 9 1
0.10
0.37
Document Number 74806 1-Jul-02
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GS431B/TL431A/TL431
Vishay
formerly General Semiconductor
SOT-89 Case Outline
4.60 4.40 1.83 1.62
Top View
1.60 1.40
2.60 2.29
4.25 3.94
Dimensions in millimeters
1.20 0.89
1
1.50 (TYP.)
2
3.00 (TYP.)
3
0.48 0.36 0.44 0.35
TO-92 Case Outline
5.20 4.40 5.33 4.32 4.20 3.17
12.7
Dimensions in millimeters
0.38 (TYP.) 1.27 (TYP.)
Bottom View
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Document Number 74806 1-Jul-02

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